{"id":4740,"date":"2025-11-28T10:18:54","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T09:18:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/?p=4740"},"modified":"2026-04-23T10:44:55","modified_gmt":"2026-04-23T08:44:55","slug":"co-jsou-emise-ghg-a-proc-je-musime-pocitat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/emisja-ghg-co-to-jest-i-dlaczego-musimy-ja-liczyc\/","title":{"rendered":"Emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f - co to jsou a pro\u010d je mus\u00edme po\u010d\u00edtat"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"vc_row liquid-row-shadowbox-6a8caa547a32c\"><div class=\"ld-container container\"><div class=\"row ld-row ld-row-outer\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12 liquid-column-6a8caa547b2df\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\" ><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"  >\n\t<div class=\"wpb_text_column wpb_content_element\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<p>Sv\u011bt chemick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu a obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie proch\u00e1z\u00ed transformac\u00ed. V centru t\u011bchto zm\u011bn jsou emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f - t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 p\u0159estalo b\u00fdt dom\u00e9nou konferenc\u00ed o klimatu a stalo se ka\u017edodenn\u00ed realitou pro v\u00fdrobce bioetanolu, etanolu a biopaliv. Jako jeden z p\u011bti nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobc\u016f etanolu v Polsku jsme si ve spole\u010dnosti IMA Poland z Velkopolska v\u011bdomi, \u017ee po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f nen\u00ed jen z\u00e1konnou povinnost\u00ed - je to z\u00e1klad konkurenceschopnosti v \u00e9\u0159e dekarbonizace.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co jsou to emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f?<\/h2>\n<p>GHG znamen\u00e1 <em>Sklen\u00edkov\u00e9 plyny<\/em> - tj. sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f. Mezi hlavn\u00ed regulovan\u00e9 plyny pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>CO\u2082 (oxid uhli\u010dit\u00fd)<\/strong> - hlavn\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fd plyn vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i spalov\u00e1n\u00ed fosiln\u00edch paliv a pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch procesech.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u2082O (oxid dusn\u00fd)<\/strong> - emitovan\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na v zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i aplikaci dus\u00edkat\u00fdch hnojiv.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CH\u2084 (metan)<\/strong> - uvol\u0148ovan\u00e9 p\u0159i fermenta\u010dn\u00edch procesech a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch \u010dinnostech<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f se m\u011b\u0159\u00ed v ekvivalentu CO\u2082 (CO\u2082eq), co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje srovnateln\u00e9 vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed dopadu v\u0161ech sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f v jedn\u00e9 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed jednotce.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d se po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f stalo kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm?<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evropsk\u00e9 p\u0159edpisy prosazuj\u00ed transparentnost<\/h3>\n<p>Evropsk\u00e1 unie si stanovila ambici\u00f3zn\u00ed c\u00edle v oblasti klimatu. Sm\u011brnice RED II (<em>Sm\u011brnice o obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch energie II<\/em>) a p\u0159ipravovan\u00e1 sm\u011brnice RED III zav\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed podrobn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na v\u00fdpo\u010det emis\u00ed b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu biopaliv a bioslo\u017eek. Od roku 2025 mus\u00ed v\u00fdrobci bioetanolu prok\u00e1zat, \u017ee jejich v\u00fdrobky dosahuj\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch prahov\u00fdch hodnot sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s fosiln\u00edmi palivy.<\/p>\n<p>Pro etanolov\u00fd pr\u016fmysl to znamen\u00e1 specifick\u00e9 po\u017eadavky:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bioetanol mus\u00ed vykazovat sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b o 65% ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s benzinem (pro nov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed).<\/li>\n<li>Od roku 2030 se pr\u00e1h sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161\u00ed na 70%.<\/li>\n<li>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 f\u00e1ze v\u00fdroby - od p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed suroviny a\u017e po p\u0159epravu - mus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u011b zdokumentov\u00e1na.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syst\u00e9m NUTS - v\u00fdpo\u010det na region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00farovni v Polsku<\/h3>\n<p>Polsko, stejn\u011b jako ostatn\u00ed zem\u011b EU, vypracovalo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu o zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch emis\u00edch na \u00farovni NUTS2 (vojvodstv\u00ed) a NUTS3 (okres). Pro n\u00e1s jako producenta ve Velkopolsk\u00e9m regionu to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme vyu\u017e\u00edt region\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fadaje o emis\u00edch kuku\u0159ice a dal\u0161\u00edch obilovin p\u011bstovan\u00fdch v okol\u00ed Plesa Zielonka.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Suroviny<\/th>\n<th>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise (kg CO\u2082ekv\/t s.m.)<\/th>\n<th>Region s nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi emisemi<\/th>\n<th>Region s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edmi emisemi<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Kuku\u0159ice<\/td>\n<td>275<\/td>\n<td>\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie: 188<\/td>\n<td>Velk\u00e9 Polsko: 291<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0158epka olejn\u00e1<\/td>\n<td>583<\/td>\n<td>\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie: 499<\/td>\n<td>Velk\u00e9 Polsko: 625<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>P\u0161enice<\/td>\n<td>~350<\/td>\n<td>-<\/td>\n<td>-<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption><strong>Tabulka: Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch surovin v Polsku<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Tyto hodnoty se v jednotliv\u00fdch regionech zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161\u00ed - jsou ovlivn\u011bny typem p\u016fdy, pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdmi hnojivy, intenzitou p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed a klimatick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak vypo\u010d\u00edtat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f b\u011bhem \u017eivotn\u00edho cyklu bioetanolu?<\/h2>\n<p>Metodika v\u00fdpo\u010dtu emis\u00ed vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze vzorce stanoven\u00e9ho ve sm\u011brnici RED II:<\/p>\n<p><strong>eec = eseed + echem + elim + efield + emm<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kde jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty znamenaj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>eseed<\/strong> - emise souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s osivem<\/li>\n<li><strong>echo<\/strong> - emise z v\u00fdroby a p\u0159epravy hnojiv a p\u0159\u00edpravk\u016f na ochranu rostlin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>elim<\/strong> - z okyselov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy a v\u00e1pn\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<li><strong>efield<\/strong> - Emise z pol\u00ed (zejm\u00e9na oxid dusn\u00fd), kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed plodin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>emm<\/strong> - z pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch stroj\u016f a su\u0161en\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 plodiny - nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed zdroj emis\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b bioetanolu<\/h3>\n<p>V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b v\u00fdroby bioetanolu z kuku\u0159ice nebo obilovin je zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 f\u00e1ze kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy. Emise z pol\u00ed (efield) mohou p\u0159edstavovat a\u017e <strong>50% celkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong> - zejm\u00e9na v d\u016fsledku uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed oxidu dusn\u00e9ho z p\u016fdy po aplikaci dus\u00edkat\u00fdch hnojiv.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad v\u00fdpo\u010dtu: P\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159epky olejn\u00e9 v okrese Plock (Mazovsk\u00e9 vojvodstv\u00ed)<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Emisn\u00ed slo\u017eka<\/th>\n<th>Hodnota (g CO\u2082eq\/ha)<\/th>\n<th>% celkov\u00fdch emis\u00ed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Emise v ter\u00e9nu (N\u2082O)<\/td>\n<td>1 216 933<\/td>\n<td>51,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>V\u00fdroba hnojiv<\/td>\n<td>672 540<\/td>\n<td>28,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Stroje a pohonn\u00e9 hmoty<\/td>\n<td>324 994<\/td>\n<td>13,7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>P\u0159\u00edpravky na ochranu rostlin<\/td>\n<td>11 771<\/td>\n<td>5,0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Okyselov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00e1pn\u011bn\u00ed<\/td>\n<td>139 926<\/td>\n<td>5,9%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Osivo<\/td>\n<td>1 967<\/td>\n<td>0,1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>CELKOV\u00c9 EMISE<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>2 368 131<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>100%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><figcaption><strong>Emise ze surovin: 578 g CO\u2082ekv\/kg su\u0161iny.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa v\u00fdrobku - z pole a\u017e k distributorovi<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdpo\u010det uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy bioetanolu nekon\u010d\u00ed ve f\u00e1zi p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed. \u00dapln\u00fd v\u00fdpo\u010det zahrnuje:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Emise z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed surovin (eec)<\/strong> - v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emise z p\u0159epravy surovin (etd)<\/strong> - dod\u00e1vky kuku\u0159ice nebo obil\u00ed do lihovar\u016f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emise z pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch proces\u016f (ep)<\/strong> - kva\u0161en\u00ed, destilace, rektifikace<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emise z v\u00fdroby energie do procesu (el, eee)<\/strong> - teplo a elekt\u0159ina<\/li>\n<li><strong>Emise z p\u0159epravy hotov\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobku (etd)<\/strong> - distribuce ethylalkoholu<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00edch produkt\u016f<\/strong> - ml\u00e1cen\u00ed krmiva, CO\u2082.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Ve spole\u010dnosti IMA Polska v Murowan\u00e9 Go\u015blin\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me uzav\u0159en\u00fd vodn\u00ed cyklus, bioplynovou stanici a modern\u00ed technologie rekuperace tepla, co\u017e v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje emise z pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d po\u010d\u00edtat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f? \u010cty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed d\u016fvody<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Pr\u00e1vn\u00ed po\u017eadavky a certifikace syst\u00e9mu udr\u017eitelnosti<\/h3>\n<p>Bez p\u0159esn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed nelze bioetanol prod\u00e1vat jako bioslo\u017eku, kter\u00e1 spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky RED II. Certifik\u00e1ty jako nap\u0159. <strong>ISCC EU<\/strong> nebo <strong>REDcert<\/strong> vy\u017eadovat \u00faplnou dokumentaci uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. konkurenceschopnost na trhu s biopalivy a alkoholem<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00fdrobci nab\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed bioetanol s ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed uhl\u00edkovou stopou z\u00edsk\u00e1vaj\u00ed tr\u017en\u00ed v\u00fdhodu. Z\u00e1kazn\u00edci - rafinerie, v\u00fdrobci sm\u011bs\u00ed biopaliv - plat\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed ceny za suroviny s dolo\u017eenou n\u00edzkou uhl\u00edkovou stopou. N\u00e1\u0161 hlavn\u00ed produkt - <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/produkty\/alkohole\/bioetanol\/\">bioetanol<\/a><\/strong>, ji\u017e dosahuje parametru sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f &gt;70%.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3 Podpora zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f ve Velkopolsku a dal\u0161\u00edch regionech<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00edky p\u0159esn\u00fdm \u00fadaj\u016fm o emis\u00edch m\u016f\u017eeme spolupracovat se zem\u011bd\u011blci na zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch postup\u016f, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed emise:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>P\u0159esn\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed dus\u00edkem<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed organick\u00fdch hnojiv nam\u00edsto miner\u00e1ln\u00edch<\/li>\n<li>Zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 syst\u00e9my p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed (bez obd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy)<\/li>\n<li>Meziplodiny a kryc\u00ed plodiny pohlcuj\u00edc\u00ed dus\u00edk<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4 Klimatick\u00e1 neutralita IMA Polsko do roku 2035<\/h3>\n<p>Spole\u010dnost IMA Polska S.A. se zav\u00e1zala dos\u00e1hnout klimatick\u00e9 neutrality do roku 2035. Systematick\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed pokroku p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Identifikace oblast\u00ed pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed investic do n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Transparentn\u00ed sd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f obchodn\u00edm partner\u016fm<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdo mus\u00ed po\u010d\u00edtat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f? Budoucnost regulace<\/h2>\n<p>Po\u017eadavky na v\u00fdpo\u010det emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f se roz\u0161i\u0159uj\u00ed na dal\u0161\u00ed odv\u011btv\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edklady zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed doprava<\/strong> - PalivoNa\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed EU o n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed doprav\u011b vy\u017eaduje, aby majitel\u00e9 lod\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eili intenzitu emis\u00ed o 2% v roce 2025, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e do roku 2050 maj\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout c\u00edle 80%.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pozemn\u00ed doprava<\/strong> - roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed syst\u00e9mu EU ETS na silni\u010dn\u00ed dopravu<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pr\u016fmysl<\/strong> - zp\u0159\u00edsn\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadavk\u016f pro energeticky n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 odv\u011btv\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed<\/strong> - Syst\u00e9my NUTS3 pro m\u00edstn\u00ed \u00fadaje o emis\u00edch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Spole\u010dnosti, jako je IMA Polska, kter\u00e9 ji\u017e maj\u00ed zaveden\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 syst\u00e9my monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed, budou m\u00edt v\u00edt\u011bznou pozici.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Region\u00e1ln\u00ed aktivity IMA Polsko p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Na\u0161e poloha v Murowan\u00e9 Go\u015blin\u011b, u br\u00e1ny do Zielonsk\u00e9ho pralesa, nen\u00ed jen malebnou krajinou, ale tak\u00e9 z\u00e1vazkem k odpov\u011bdnosti v\u016f\u010di \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Spolupracujeme s v\u00edce ne\u017e 200 zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi podniky z Velkopolska a sousedn\u00edch vojvodstv\u00ed a podporujeme je v jejich n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00e9 transformaci.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Na\u0161e aktivity v regionu:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Podp\u016frn\u00fd program pro zem\u011bd\u011blce pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 hnojen\u00ed<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/nakup-obilovin-suche-a-mokre-kukurice-ima-polska-s-a\/\"><strong>Sb\u011br kuku\u0159ice a obilovin<\/strong><\/a> v okruhu 100 km od lihovaru (ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise z dopravy).<\/li>\n<li>Distribuce <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/produkty\/krmne-komponenty\/\">ml\u00e1ti\u010dky na krmivo<\/a><\/strong> jako organick\u00e9 hnojivo pro m\u00edstn\u00ed farmy<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/produkty\/zielona-energia\/\"><strong>Za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na v\u00fdrobu bioplynu<\/strong><\/a> vyu\u017eit\u00ed zbytk\u016f z v\u00fdroby<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010casto kladen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o emis\u00edch sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak po\u010d\u00edtat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f z v\u00fdroby bioetanolu?<\/h3>\n<p>Emise se vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1vaj\u00ed sou\u010dtem emis\u00ed z p\u011bti f\u00e1z\u00ed: p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed surovin (eec), doprava (etd), zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed (ep), v\u00fdroba energie (el) a distribuce. Vych\u00e1z\u00ed se ze vzorce ze sm\u011brnice RED II: eec = eseed + echem + elim + efield + emm. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 slo\u017eka vy\u017eaduje p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nebo pou\u017eit\u00ed standardn\u00edch hodnot ze syst\u00e9mu NUTS.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e9 jsou pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice v Polsku?<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 emise z p\u011bstov\u00e1n\u00ed kuku\u0159ice v Polsku se pohybuj\u00ed kolem 275 kg CO\u2082ekv na tunu su\u0161iny. Nejni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise byly zaznamen\u00e1ny ve Svatok\u0159\u00ed\u017esk\u00e9m vojvodstv\u00ed (188 kg) a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ve Velkopolsk\u00e9m vojvodstv\u00ed (291 kg). Rozd\u00edly jsou zp\u016fsobeny typem p\u016fdy, hnojen\u00edm a m\u00edstn\u00edmi zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi postupy.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je to syst\u00e9m NUTS v kontextu zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdch emis\u00ed?<\/h3>\n<p>NUTS (<em>N\u00e1zvoslov\u00ed \u00fazemn\u00edch statistick\u00fdch jednotek<\/em>) je syst\u00e9m \u00fazemn\u00edho \u010dlen\u011bn\u00ed EU pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd pro vykazov\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed. NUTS2 je \u00farove\u0148 provinci\u00ed, NUTS3 jsou skupiny okres\u016f. Polsko vypracovalo n\u00e1rodn\u00ed emisn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu pro \u0159epku a kuku\u0159ici na \u00farovni NUTS2, kterou schv\u00e1lila Evropsk\u00e1 komise.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pro\u010d emise z pol\u00ed p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed 50% uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 stopy plodin?<\/h3>\n<p>Emise z pol\u00ed (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm oxid dusn\u00fd N\u2082O) vznikaj\u00ed po aplikaci dus\u00edkat\u00fdch hnojiv. N\u2082O je 298kr\u00e1t siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fd plyn ne\u017e CO\u2082. Nejv\u00edce N\u2082O vznik\u00e1 v p\u016fd\u00e1ch s n\u00edzk\u00fdm pH, vysok\u00fdm obsahem vlhkosti a intenzivn\u00edm hnojen\u00edm, tak\u017ee tvo\u0159\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pod\u00edl emis\u00ed z plodin.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mus\u00ed i mal\u00fd lihovar po\u010d\u00edtat emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f?<\/h3>\n<p>Ano - ka\u017ed\u00fd v\u00fdrobce bioetanolu, kter\u00fd prod\u00e1v\u00e1 surovinu jako bioslo\u017eku, mus\u00ed zdokumentovat uhl\u00edkovou stopu v souladu s RED II. Mal\u00e9 lihovary mohou m\u00edsto n\u00e1kladn\u00fdch individu\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat standardn\u00ed hodnoty nebo region\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fm\u011bry NUTS.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak sn\u00ed\u017eit emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b etanolu?<\/h3>\n<p>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou: spolupr\u00e1ce se zem\u011bd\u011blci s vyu\u017eit\u00edm p\u0159esn\u00e9ho hnojen\u00ed, zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed dodavatelsk\u00e9ho \u0159et\u011bzce (m\u00edstn\u00ed dodavatel\u00e9 surovin), vyu\u017eit\u00ed tepla z destila\u010dn\u00edch proces\u016f, vyu\u017eit\u00ed OZE (bioplynov\u00e1 stanice, fotovoltaika), nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s vedlej\u0161\u00edmi produkty (ml\u00fdn na krmiva, CO\u2082).<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Je uhl\u00edkov\u00e1 stopa bioetanolu ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u benzinu?<\/h3>\n<p>Ano - bioetanol mus\u00ed vykazovat sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed alespo\u0148 o 65% ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s benzinem (sm\u011brnice RED II). Bioetanol z kuku\u0159ice dosahuje sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed 50-70%, ze zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9ho odpadu dokonce 85-90%. Benz\u00edn emituje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 94 g CO\u2082ekv\/MJ, bioetanol z kuku\u0159ice 28-47 g CO\u2082ekv\/MJ.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co ovliv\u0148uje emise na \u00farovni NUTS3?<\/h3>\n<p>Hlavn\u00edmi faktory jsou: typ p\u016fdy a pH, pou\u017eit\u00e1 hnojiva (organick\u00e1 vs. miner\u00e1ln\u00ed), intenzita hnojen\u00ed dus\u00edkem, agronomick\u00e9 postupy (orba vs. bezorebn\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fdy), v\u00fdnos (vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdnos = ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed emise na jednotku), su\u0161en\u00ed zrna (palivo pou\u017eit\u00e9 na su\u0161en\u00ed).<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Shrnut\u00ed: Pro\u010d jsou emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f budoucnost\u00ed pr\u016fmyslu?<\/h2>\n<p>Emise sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f nejsou abstraktn\u00edm pojmem - jde o m\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd dopad na\u0161\u00ed \u010dinnosti na klima. P\u0159esn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed emis\u00ed v ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi v\u00fdroby bioetanolu n\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dodr\u017eovat pr\u00e1vn\u00ed po\u017eadavky Evropsk\u00e9 unie.<\/li>\n<li>Konkurovat na trhu s n\u00edzkouhl\u00edkov\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobky<\/li>\n<li>Podpora zem\u011bd\u011blc\u016f p\u0159i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed udr\u017eiteln\u00fdch postup\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edle klimatick\u00e9 neutrality do roku 2035.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ve spole\u010dnosti IMA Polska pova\u017eujeme v\u00fdpo\u010det emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f za sou\u010d\u00e1st na\u0161\u00ed obchodn\u00ed strategie. Jedn\u00e1 se o investici do budoucnosti - budoucnosti, ve kter\u00e9 bude v\u00fdroba bioetanolu a etanolu poh\u00e1n\u011bna nejen obil\u00edm a kuku\u0159ic\u00ed, ale p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm odpov\u011bdnost\u00ed k \u017eivotn\u00edmu prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chcete se dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Sledujte n\u00e1\u0161 blog - ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdden nov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky o dekarbonizaci, udr\u017eiteln\u00e9m zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a budoucnosti obnoviteln\u00e9 energie.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Pokud m\u00e1te z\u00e1jem o na\u0161e produkty, nav\u0161tivte pros\u00edm str\u00e1nku <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/kontakt\/\">Kontakt<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u015awiat przemys\u0142u chemicznego i energetyki odnawialnej prze\u017cywa transformacj\u0119. W centrum tych zmian znajduje si\u0119 emisja gaz\u00f3w cieplarnianych \u2013 temat, kt\u00f3ry przesta\u0142 by\u0107 domen\u0105 konferencji klimatycznych, a sta\u0142 si\u0119 codzienno\u015bci\u0105 producent\u00f3w bioetanolu, alkoholu etylowego i biopaliw. Jako jeden z pi\u0119ciu najwi\u0119kszych producent\u00f3w alkoholu etylowego w Polsce, w IMA Polska z Wielkopolski zdajemy sobie spraw\u0119, \u017ce liczenie [...]","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4744,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4740","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4740"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4740\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5231,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4740\/revisions\/5231"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4740"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4740"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imapolska.pl\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4740"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}